The United States is the world’s largest supplier of medical technology (medtech). At the same time, growth in key emerging medtech markets - especially China, India, and Brazil - represent significant export opportunities for U.S. manufactures to further bolster their competitiveness. Yet,...

Despite the growing importance of non-tariff measures (NTMs) in trade policy, many common methods for estimating their costs exhibit significant challenges in terms of data requirements or do not isolate the effects of specific NTMs. I propose an extension to existing approaches that mitigates...