Following the Brent Spar controversy, the OSPAR countries reached a unanimous agreement in 1998 for the future rules for disposal of petroleum installations. The vast majority of existing offshore installations will be re-used or returned to shore for recycling or disposal. For installations...

Gas exports to the Continent are regulated by long term take-or-pay contracts. The contracts are described and analyzed. We thereafter examine whether the most central European gas market, the German market, is integrated. Are there substantial price differences between gas from different export...

Recently, we have seen falling oil prices combined with sticky costs at a high level in the petroleum industry. This causes project postponements, thus challenging reserve replacement of oil companies and security of supply for consumers. Costs are particularly high for drilling. High rig rates...