We study the relationship between the enforceability of covenants not to compete (CNCs) and employee mobility and wages. We exploit a 2015 CNC ban for technology workers in Hawaii and find that this ban increased mobility by 11% and new-hire wages by 4%. We supplement the Hawaii evaluation with...

Moving beyond one-shot decisions to spinout, we investigate how careers of employee entrepreneurs unfold in terms of subsequent decisions to stay at the initial venture, return to paid employment, or serial entrepreneurship. Our inductive study draws on rich career-history data triangulated...

We develop a theoretically grounded framework to explain the stylized fact that immigrants launch a disproportionate number of startups in high technology industries. We examine how immigration-related institutional constraints in the US shape early career choices of immigrants, with subsequent...

In this chapter, the authors assert that traditional advanced degree programs underserve young scientists, and train them primarily for a career in academia pursuing basic research. Data drawn from the Scientists and Engineers Statistical Data System (SESTAT) from 1996 to 2006 show that only one...