This essay analyzes the circumstances under which a barter system based on merchants and centralized markets dominates an unstructured primitive barter system. For that purpose, we set up a spatial general equilibrium model where exchange is costly. In an unstructured barter system, as...

This paper proposes a theoretical monetary model to inquire as to whether the growth and decline in barter transactions between firms in Russia during the 1990s was the result of credit rationing or firms. optimal decision. The model also provides an explanation for the negative correlations...

This paper proposes a theoretical monetary model to inquire as to whether the growth and decline in barter transactions between firms in Russia during the 1990s was the result of credit rationing or firms' optimal decision. The model also provides an explanation for the negative correlations...