This paper proposes a new approximation formula for pricing average options under Heston's stochastic volatility model. When using the formula based on the Gram-Charlier expansion, it is necessary to know any moments of an averaged underlying asset price. We try to derive an analytical solution...

This research is aimed at examining the theoretical relations between expected option returns and a pricing kernel. Under mild assumptions, it is demonstrated that the condition of the tail of the pricing kernel slope characterizes the slope and curvature of the expected option returns. This...