Preface: It is necessary to thank many people at the end of a big project like writing a book. First, my thanks go to my patient editor Sunil Nair and his editorial assistants Rachel Holt and Sarah Gelson. Two anonymous reviewers made very thorough and useful comments on an earlier manuscript....

The European Union Emission Trading Scheme is the largest market mechanism yet implemented to spur emissions reduction. In the scheme emissions certificates are traded within annual periods to compensate for the total emissions of given companies. The rules for how certificates can be passed...

Both deterministic and stochastic volatility models have been used to price and hedge European options. Observation of real market data suggests that volatility, while stochastic, is well modelled to alternate between just two states. We consider a set of coupled pricing partial differential...

To bridge the gap between the output of theoretical option pricing models and observed option prices on exchanges, it is necessary to price the volatility risk inherent in financial markets. Non zero market risk premia have been found in previous financial literature through an exploration of...