This article presents a simple condition for optimal coordination of social security policies in the union of two open economies employing different production functions and within which capital and labour are fully mobile. We find that if both countries run fully funded pension schemes, the...

Trade in goods that are not perfect substitutes can considerably change the predictions of standard neoclassical models about the effects of demographic developments. This paper considers a relative decrease in the population size of one country, when countries specialize in the production of...

The central question of this paper is how international trade and specialization are affected by different designs of pension schemes and asymmetric demographic changes. In a model with two goods, two countries and two production factors, we find that countries with a relatively large unfunded...