Public firms are becoming increasingly interconnected through institutional investors' stock ownership, specifically through cross-ownership, in which an institutional investor has a significant stake in multiple firms in the same industry. When a firm seeks external financing for its investment...

We investigate the control structure of 221 privatized firms from 27 emerging countries over the period 1980 to 2001. Specifically, we examine the determinants of residual state ownership after privatization over a window of up to six years after divestiture. We find that the residual state...

In this paper we examine the link between state ownership and the choice of public debt versus bank debt in an international context. Using a large sample of privatized firms from 62 countries over the 2001-2014 period, we find that state ownership is significantly positively associated with the...

Motivated by recent research on the link between geographic proximity and information risk, we examine the impact of geographic location on a firm's ownership structure and cost of equity capital using a large sample of newly privatized firms from 47 countries. We find that the greater the...