The goal of this study is to use the Markov Regime Model (MSM) to evaluate the impact of three important FCIs and the political economy on Pakistan's economic growth. The current research used quarterly data from 2000 to 2020. The empirical results demonstrate that dictatorship contributes...

Climate change and global politics pose potential threats to food security by impacting crop productivity and food availability. Short-term variability resulting from climate change and global politics may disrupt the stability of entire food systems. The regional implications of these factors...

Sustaining desired consumer behaviors is challenging for marketers. Organizations adopt various marketing strategies to retain their consumers, yet the role of corporate social responsibility (CSR) in this regard has been generally overlooked. The current study investigates the relationship...

Information asymmetry between insiders and outsiders creates various issues for a firm, such as the agency problem where managers pursue their own interests even at the cost of the well-being of the firm's shareholders, and probable external financial constraints where external investors...

Sustaining desired consumer behaviors is challenging for marketers. Organizations adopt various marketing strategies to retain their consumers, yet the role of corporate social responsibility (CSR) in this regard has been generally overlooked. The current study investigates the relationship...