-provincial migrations. We test four different mechanisms of how parental migration affects child development including parental financial …

, prior child cognition and health, and child investments. We use income and local prices to control for the endogeneity of … determining cognition. Our paper contributes in understanding how investments and early health outcomes are important in child …

functions include parental background, prior child cognition and health, and child investments, which are taken as endogenous …. Estimation is based on a nonlinear factor model, based on multiple measurements for both inputs and child outcomes. Our results … show an important effect of early health on child cognitive development, which then becomes persistent. Parental investments …

their children that they are interested in their development, and this in turn signals to the child that their future is … involvement counteract some of the harmful effects of less financial capital? These questions are examined on the National Child …

and economic inequality.The incarceration of a caregiver can hamstring a child’s development and leave already struggling … families financially strapped. As the parent-child bond is critical to a child’s development, the severance of that bond by the … incarceration of a parent can have effects that stretch into adulthood. A child who has a parent who is incarcerated is likely to …

function include parental background, prior child cognition and health and child investments. We allow investments to be …. We find that investments are very important determinants of child cognition and of health at an earlier age. We also find … in understanding how early health outcomes are important in child development …