This paper analyses the evolution of the institution of patent by examining the normative meaning of business method patents. A business method is defined as a process of converting abstract data to useful information, to be applied in business activities. A business method patent is a patent...

Harmonization of the laws is considered to be one of the solutions to deal with fragmentation and complexities. A fundamental issue here is how to structure a coherent system of rules to manage with the complex social, technological and economic realities. The increase in the stake holders has...

Technical standards that facilitate interoperability are believed to be crucial in the growth and development of the network and computer industry. In a modular and globalized economy, it is believed that the development of compatibility standards benefit from being widely accessible. On the...

Contract inflexibility seems to stem from two motivations: the urge to control the future, and a quest to improve economic efficiency. In thinking about whether and how contract inflexibility might be reduced, those human motivations must be taken into account. Reforms aimed at greater...