Payment services are, at their simplest, services for moving money around the economy. These services carry risks for the provider and the customer, from credit and insolvency risk, through to fraud and ‘mere’ errors. Different societies deal with, manage and allocate these risks...

The European Commission continues to pursue legislation and other measures to encourage a pan-European ‘Single Payment Area' as part of the wider internal market project. This article examines some recent reviews of the existing legislation on payment services, takes a detailed look at...

Payments have been described as the 'oil in the wheels of the Internal Market'. As part of the wider internal market project, the European Commission has over a number of years pursued legislation and other measures to encourage a pan-European 'Single Payment Area'. This article introduces the...

In many ways, international payments are similar to domestic payments. They involve a payer using the services of one or more intermediaries to transfer value to a payee. However, they tend to involve a number of additional complexities as a result of the distance between the parties, the...

This second article focuses on the risks associated with payment facilities, the case for their regulation and consideration of possible regulatory models. An understanding of the legal nature of payment facilities is vital to designing an appropriate regulatory regime.The first section of this...