Recent empirical observations show that traffic flow is related to various phase transitions, especially at bottlenecks. This paper studies traffic flow induced by an on-ramp in the Nagel–Schreckenberg model. It is shown that when considering the situation that vehicles on main road and...

In this paper, we study the phase transition from free flow to synchronized flow. We carry out the simulations under the speed limit condition with a car-following model, the “full velocity difference model.” We find that the transition is second-order if the speed limit region is long and...

Conditional interactions are common in both human and animal societies. To understand the impacts of this feature on the evolution of cooperation, we propose a modified public goods game combined with conditional interactions in terms of the aspiration payoffs. Through simulations, we find that...