The main question raised in this paper is whether GPs should self select their payment mechanism or not. To answer it, we model GPs' behavior under the most common payment schemes (capitation and fee-for-service) and when GPs can select one among those. Our analysis considers GPs heterogeneity...

Some countries allow physicians to balance bill patients, that is, to bill a fee above the one that is negotiated with, and reimbursed by the health authorities. Balance billing is known for restricting access to physicians' services while supplemental insurance against balance billing amounts...