development and provides considerable resources to reduce armed conflicts. However, other forms of violence, such as suicide … time, scholars in the field of public health have been arguing for putting selfdirected and interpersonal violence higher … and recipients have so far neither recognized self-directed nor interpersonal violence as a major development issue …

reduces both moderate and extreme violence. The reason is that a high penalty keeps relatively 'gutless' individuals from … relatively 'tough' individuals to commit moderately violent acts and so makes moderate violence more attractive for otherwise …

Aim/purpose - This paper aims to examine with new empirical evidence the joint relationships between violence, income …, the results confirm a strong positive relationship between violence and income inequality. Conversely, a negative but non …-robust relationship exists between violence and real income per capita. Additionally, the findings show that human capital based on years …

This paper studies the effect of female political representation on violence against women. Using a Regression … leads to a reduction in episodes of gender violence. The effect is particularly strong when focusing on incidents of … domestic violence, when the aggressor is the ex-husband/boyfriend, and when victims experienced sexual violence. The evidence …

seizures, random mandatory drug test results, various measures of harm, violence, and causes of death. I first document a large … increase in NPS availability and an alarming correlation with the steep rise in harm and violence behind bars. I then evaluate … in violence, self-harm, and suicides following the law. Collectively, the findings suggest unwarranted responses to …

in violence and crime, interiorized the warrior ethos or violent practices, becoming their own executioners by killing …