Using a novel dataset consisting of daily futures prices going as far back as 1877, we find that returns of commodity futures indices have on average been positive over the long run. Though return premia are associated with both carry and spot returns, commodity returns in different economic...

This paper analyzes a novel data set of commodity futures prices over a long sample period starting in 1877, which allows us to shed new light on several important and controversial questions. We document that commodity futures returns (1) have been positive on average; (2) vary significantly...

We explore optimal currency exposures in international equity portfolios through the lens of a modified mean-variance optimization framework. We decompose the optimal currency portfolio into a “hedge portfolio” which minimizes equity volatility using a dynamic risk model and an “alpha...