Empirical studies report inconclusive assessment of duration-based immunization, notably showing that more sophisticated strategies do not outperform immunization relying on Macaulay duration. This paper provides a mean-variance framework to explore this puzzle. We characterize the efficient...

"Portfolio performance measures are a key factor in the investment decision, enabling investors to gauge how effectively their money is being managed, covering the level of risk as well as the level of return. Effective and accurate portfolio performance measurement is a fundamental requirement...