Upside and downside capture ratios are used to assess the quality of investment managers and investment strategies. We propose a simple theoretical model which predicts that the upside capture ratio is an increasing function of the measurement interval length and that the downside capture ratio...

This paper provides significant extensions and tests of momentum trading strategies based on relative prices that were first explored by George and Hwang (2004). We develop new momentum strategies based on the ratio of the current stock price to each of five different reference points in past...

The arithmetic mean-variance efficient frontier shows that taking more risk is always rewarded with higher expected arithmetic return. However, expected arithmetic return is a poor indicator of long-term arithmetic return, which corresponds to expected continuous return. For the continuous...