We examine the effect of high frequency trading on market quality from theperspective of a limit order trader. By competing with slower limit order traders, highfrequency traders (HFT) impose a welfare externality by crowding out slower non-HFTlimit orders. The order book imbalance immediately...

This paper deals with ‘investment timing’, or how to make decisions on long-term investments to mitigate catastrophic risk where the risk is driven by trends and seasonality, and interest rates vary stochastically over time. Our model combines real options theory, extreme value theory and...

We document that institutional investors, and particularly hedge funds, increased their holdings of smaller stocks from 1980 to 2010 and decreased their holdings of larger stocks. As of 1990 institutions began to underweight, relative to market weights, those stocks that make up the largest 40...