Index tracking is a popular form of asset management. Typically, a quadratic function is used to define the tracking error of a portfolio and the look back approach is applied to solve the index tracking problem. We argue that a forward looking approach is more suitable, whereby the tracking...

Owners of non-publicly-traded businesses who face significant external financing costs should have a hedging preference for financial assets whose returns are positively correlated with self-financing needs. If this effect is aggregated, expected returns on financial assets should correspond...

We quantify model risk of a financial portfolio whereby a multi-period meanstandard-deviation criterion is used as a selection criterion. In this work, model risk is defined as the loss due to uncertainty of the underlying distribution of the returns of the assets in the portfolio. The...

Insurance companies often follow highly correlated investment strategies. As major investors in corporate bonds, their investment commonalities subject investors to fire-sale risk when regulatory restrictions prompt widespread divestment of a bond following a rating downgrade. Reflective of...