A large informal sector is a challenge for developing countries building up social protection systems. Expanding social safety nets reduces poverty, but financing them can increase the tax burden, potentially reducing availability of formal sector jobs. This paper quantifies impacts on income...

This paper aims to develop a relational geographical interpretation of energy poverty in the post-socialist states of Eastern and Central Europe, through a field-based study of inadequately-heated homes in the Macedonian cities of Stip and Skopje. I argue that energy poverty is produced by the...

The mixed record on the 2015 Millennium Development Goal (MDG) targets and the focus on global public goods in post-MDG debates questions the future of traditional development co-operation (official development assistance, ODA). Meanwhile, international financial crisis and fiscal retrenchment...

The prevalence of energy poverty as a major challenge in numerous countries, the escalating energy crisis that generates supply fears and increased prices, and the need to build just supporting mechanisms within the net zero energy transition add impetus to improving our ability to accurately...

Purpose: The authors estimate the reduction of electricity poverty in Vietnam. The essential argument is that human development is about subjective feeling as much as technology and income. Design/methodology/approach: The authors use a self-reported satisfaction indicator as complementary to...

We examine how the well-being of those with few resources changed, amidst economic disruption and large, transitory government transfers. We find that in the years leading up to the pandemic and in 2020, the patterns for income and consumption poverty were very similar. In 2021 and 2022,...

Purpose - this study investigates alternative a small-scale social business model that potentially generate sustainable income for households at the base of the pyramid. A comparison of two low-cost housings that have a different geographical condition and local characteristics is examined....