Many companies supplying consumption goods and services provide their shareholders with price discounts. This paper presents a simple model describing shareholder discounts and consequent market equilibrium. It is found that shareholder discounts resemble many features of two part tariffs. The...

This paper investigates the market equilibrium and welfare effects of two-part tariff competition. When consumers are uniformly distributed on a Hotelling line, equilibrium prices are equal to marginal costs if and only if the demand of the marginal consumer is equal to the average demand. Entry...

This note compares monopoly equilibrium outcomes with those of duopoly when firms price their products with two-part tariffs. Although a monopolistic firm never charges a lower marginal price than imperfectly competitive firms, it sets a lower entry fee under certain market conditions. In turn,...