This paper reviews and synthesizes the extant literature on venture capital syndication. By considering the questions of how, why, and when syndication affects the performance of VC firms and their portfolio ventures, we form a schematic structure of the syndication literature and identify areas...

We extend the research on the drivers of holding period firm-level returns in private equity (PE)-backed buyouts by examining deal-, industry-, and macroeconomic-level drivers and their interaction. To conduct our study, we use a comprehensive and hand-collected dataset covering exited buyouts...