For football executives, understanding the determinants of spectator no-show behavior better is of utmost importance. Recent research efforts, however, have primarily focused on exploring the potential effects of determinants that the club management can hardly influence (e.g., potential...

Several football stadiums were built or renovated in France for hosting the 2016 UEFA European Football Championship. This study examines to which extent the financial support by local governments for stadium construction or renovation induces soft budget constraints (SBC) for professional...

This paper estimates the impact of new stadiums on attendance and revenues of Major League Baseball teams between 1970 and 2019. Recent studies have shown that conventional two-way fixed effects (TWFE) models may produce biased estimates, proposing an “imputation” method instead. This paper...

We investigate stadium attendance in the highest level of Dutch professional football for the seasons 2000/01 - 2015/16 focusing on outcome uncertainty, loss aversion and team quality. We find that for individual football matches, attendance is related to reference-dependent preferences with...

Economic agents react to incentives, and this holds true for professional football teams as well. Double round-robin and single-match elimination represent two opposite competition regimes, with incentives varying distinctly between them. At the level of individual matches, a single defeat needs...

This paper presents a novel approach for analyzing spatially differentiated impacts of a variety of entertainment attractions, including professional sports venues, convention centers, destination retail, and mega-events. Public finding is often based on the potential for such projects to...