Do teachers' expectations directly impact student achievement? We draw on administrative data from North Carolina schools that report both student test scores and teachers' expectations of students' performance on these tests. Employing student fixed effects and instrumental variables strategies...

School closings displace thousands of teachers in the US every year. This paper explores how 3rd to 5th grade teachers in North Carolina respond to this labor market shock. After documenting that declining enrollment is a key driver of school closings in our study, we find that while most...