Court's decision in Brown v. Board of Education of Topeka . A theme of convergence is central to the narrative. Slaves were … Emancipation, black children continued to face many obstacles in acquiring education. In addition to their relative poverty and …

We examine the social construction of race during the United States' Reconstruction Era, a critical juncture between … slavery and Jim Crow segregation. We show that people with the same detailed skin tone, recorded by the Freedman's Bank (1865 … the construction - or rather, reconstruction - of race in a period of unfulfilled potential for social transformation …

We study whether racial disparities in economic opportunity appear at an early age. Using administrative education data …, our results suggest that the large income-achievement gap for Indigenous students may be rooted in inequality in health … outcomes and poor housing conditions. Our findings on income-achievement gaps across race could partially explain the different …

parents, varies across race. Using education data linked to tax records, we find that the income-achievement gap is small for … the variation in the gap across race. Our results suggest that the large income-achievement gap for Indigenous students … may be rooted in inequality in special needs status. …

allocation. In this paper, we make two contributions: (1) we examine the depiction of race and gender in award-winning children …

observed college success gaps by race, it does point toward pre-college interventions as being better targeted at their …