On 6 February 2019, the German Bundeskartellamt (Federal Cartel Office – “FCO”) found that Facebook abused its dominance by improperly combining user data that it collected from various sources. As a remedy, the FCO imposed far-reaching restrictions on Facebook’s processing of user data,...

On 14 September 2022, the General Court of the European Union largely upheld the landmark Google Android decision of the European Commission of 18 July 2018. The article provides a first assessment of the judgment and its impact on Google and other dominant firms. We explain the contractual...