Article 13 TEC (now Article 19 TFEU) was inserted into the EC Treaty by the Treaty of Amsterdam in 1999. It gave the institutions of the European Union (EU) competency to 'take appropriate action to combat discrimination based on sex, racial or ethnic origin, religion or belief, disability, age...

Article 13 TEC (now Article 19 TFEU) was inserted into the EC Treaty by the Treaty of Amsterdam in 1999. It gave the institutions of the European Union (EU) competency to 'take appropriate action to combat discrimination based on sex, racial or ethnic origin, religion or belief, disability, age...

Working on a cross-border case in civil or commercial law? Struggling to understand procedures? Finding it hard to contact the courts in another country? If you're a judge, judicial authority or other legal practitioner get help from the European Judicial Network and speed up cross-border...

This is the sixth report since the adoption of the EU's European Judicial Training Strategy in 2011. A lot of progress has been made since then. For example, one of the objectives of the strategy, to train half of all justice professionals on EU law by 2020, will already be achieved next year....

Working on a cross-border case in civil or commercial law? Struggling to understand procedures? Finding it hard to contact the courts in another country? If you're a judge, judicial authority or other legal practitioner get help from the European Judicial Network and speed up cross-border...

This is the fifth report on training for legal practitioners (judges, prosecutors, court staff, bailiffs, lawyers and notaries) on EU law or on the national law of another Member State. It is based on the results of a questionnaire sent in 2016 to Member States' authorities, European networks of...

This study develops a comparative overview of recent FGM(Female Genital Mutilation) court cases within the EU, as well as an exploratory survey of transnational movements in relation to FGM. The legal aspects of 20 recent criminal court cases in Europe are analysed, and evidence about...

European judicial training is an important element of building a European Area of Justice based on judicial cooperation and mutual trust. The practical advice in this document has been developed with valuable input from members of the 2015 Commission expert group on European judicial training,...