This study investigated environmental, social, and governance (ESG) performance and its financial impacts across 38 economies from 2013 to 2022, with a special focus on firms in Asia. The main findings are as follows. First, notable disparities in ESG assessments were found across major rating...

We quantify the identifying power of special regressors in heteroskedastic binary regressions with median-independent or conditionally symmetric errors. We measure the identifying power using two criteria: the set of regressor values that help point identify coefficients in latent payoffs as in...