In this study, I investigate the necessary condition for consistency of the maximum likelihood estimator (MLE) of spatial models with a spatial moving average process in the disturbance term. I show that the MLE of spatial autoregressive and spatial moving average parameters is generally...

We propose Midastar models by combining the Mixed Data Sampling (MIDAS) and the threshold autoregression (TAR). The Midastar model of the first kind is designed for a low frequency target variable and a high frequency threshold variable. The proposed model can detect threshold effects...