We study the welfare impact of enforcing a competitive behavior from an unregulated fringe competing with a regulated dominant operator with imperfectly differentiated goods. The fringe is potentially collusive but may be supervised by a competition authority. We show that the...

After generics, which are copies of chemical medicines, "copies" of already patented biologics (biosimilars) are entering the biologics market and competing with their originators. Many uncertainties remain regarding the development of this newly emerging market, and the ability of biosimilars...

This paper addresses the question of what options are available to regulate the sector in the near future. In order to answer this question, the paper focuses on the problem of investment and innovation in an ex ante regulated sector. Relying on existing literature, we argue that ex ante...