In this paper a description is provided of the development and use of a target-MOTAD model for use in consultative work with farmers who are under financial pressure. The analysis of downside risk and introduction of a trade-off between financial and business risks are key features of this model...

This paper points out some difficulties in the econometric estimation of the original paper and suggests procedures for overcoming these.

In the past China has been self-sufficient in beef products, but, with a dramatic increase in consumer spending on food, demand for beef, which is seen as a novel and nutritious food, has grown. By employing a partial equilibrium model and sensitivity analysis under different scenarios, this...