Both on their home markets, as well as on the emerging ones – the case of Cluj-Napoca, Romania – European retailers face a new situation, by excellence a challenging one. On the one side, the competitive market has been in a continuous and constant expansion for several years and on the...

The garment industry and retail have been prominently submitted, to a continuous adaption process to the new tendencies of the international business environment, being confronted with numerous challenges emerged from the necessity to satisfy the consumer's polyvalent behavior, in continuous...

Faced with an array of scandals and challenges caused by environmental pollution and exploitation of workers, apparel retailers are often compelled to re-think their strategies in compliance with environmental governance, and to implement specific measures aimed at environmental protection and...

Devising an effective means of measuring retail brand equity has become an intense preoccupation of, and a real challenge for, the technical literature. Many characteristics have been debated over time as to which of them make a real contribution to building retail brand equity (image) and some...

The image perceived by the clients of supermarkets and hypermarkets is not only the result of the companies' informative actions conducted by means of advertising, public relations, online presence or brochures with insertions about the sold items, the best prices and the most attractive offers,...

Building and, more particularly, cementing a strong relationship between consumers and retail format is a major goal that any retail chain attempts to achieve through its marketing strategy. By resorting to various procedures and tools, the management of any retail brand seeks to develop in the...

One of the major themes in the contemporary society — greatly affected by hyper-competition, globalization and rapid change in the behavior of demand agents (buyers) — consists of theoretical debates and practical challenges raised in relation to the concept of brand. There seems to be no...

In order to shape the customers' image about a retailer, a retail brand or a retail format, the retail company may appeal, in addition to the marketing tools, to the corporate culture (the company's own perspective) and the company's reputation (how the company is perceived by the public)....

Shopping cards as well as customers' clubs related to retailers are often investigated in literature. While the perception and the effects of those marketing instruments have been often discussed in western countries, there is a lack of studies for eastern European countries. The present study...