An emerging stream of research documents that experience of traumatic events early in a CEO's life influences the firm's investment and financing choices. We extend this research by examining the impact of CEO early-life natural disaster experience on stock price crash risk. Using a longitudinal...

Using a large sample of transaction-level institutional trading data, we investigate the role of institutional investors around the 9/11 terrorist attacks, a sudden exogenous catastrophic shock to financial markets. We find that institutional investors remain net buyers amid large market-wide...

We find that stock liquidity increases stock price crash risk. To identify the causal effect, we use the decimalization of stock trading as an exogenous shock to liquidity. This effect is increasing in a firm’s ownership by transient investors and non-blockholders. Liquid firms have a higher...

We use BERT, an AI-based algorithm for language understanding, to decipher regulatory climate-risk disclosures and measure their impact on the credit default swap (CDS) market. Risk disclosures can either increase or decrease credit spreads, depending on whether disclosure reveals new risks or...