This paper tackles a core question of portfolio management: How ‘active' is an active portfolio? To answer this question holistically, we generalise the idea of Active Share by keeping the same calculation methodology but substituting in different types of portfolio and benchmark ‘weights'....

The paper contains five parts - a theory about entrepreneurial choice under uncertainty, a formal econometric structure for a test, the test, an appraisal of the test, and a description of the data generating process. Here, an entrepreneur is an individual who manages a firm that produces one...

Professional market participants have to deal with illiquid securities on a constant basis. For such securities traditional risk assessment techniques fail. This can lead to underestimated and distorted results for the entire investment portfolio, and ultimately to inadequate risk management. We...

A new method for seismic risk identification is proposed based on the average measure of the expected annualized losses from earthquake occurrence. We show can be identified the risk for insurance decisional purposes. The analysis is useful for insured as well as for insurance company. When risk...

A basket is a set of instruments that are held together because its statistical profile delivers a desired goal, such as hedging or trading, which cannot be achieved through the individual constituents or even subsets of them. Multiple procedures have been proposed to compute hedging and trading...

Every structure has natural frequencies. Minor shocks in these frequencies can bring down any structure, e.g. a bridge. An Investment Universe also has natural frequencies, characterized by its eigenvectors. A concentration of risks in the direction of any such eigenvector exposes a portfolio to...

We propose a non-structural method to retrieve the risk-neutral density (RND) impliedby options on the CBOE Volatility Index (VIX). The methodology is based on orthogonalpolynomial expansions around a kernel density and yields the RND of the underlyingasset without the need for a parametric...

Goal: ISO 31000 Risk Management (RM) recently re-defined risk as the effect of uncertainty on an organization's ability to meet the objectives. Earlier, it defined risk as a combination of the probability and scope of the (predicted) consequences. The revised ISO Risk advances beyond a static...

The purpose of this paper is to investigate whether a dynamic Value at Risk model and high frequency realized volatility models can improve the accuracy of 1-day ahead VaR forecasting beyond the performance of frequently used models. As such, this paper constructs 60 conditional volatility...

This paper revisits the performance of frequently used risk forecasting methods, such as the Value-at-Risk models. The aim is to analyze its performance, and mitigate its pitfalls by incorporating conditional variance estimates, as generated by a GARCH model. Notably, this paper tests several...