We study the intertemporal risk-return tradeoff relations based on returns from 18 international markets. We find striking new empirical evidence that the inclusion of U.S. market returns significantly changes the estimated risk-return tradeoff relations in international markets from mostly...

DeMiguel, Garlappi, and Uppal (DGU, 2009) evaluate 14 models of optimal asset allocation and find that none can consistently outperform the 1/N naive diversification strategy, which highlights estimation-risk concerns. Building from Stevens (1998), we provide a useful dichotomous classification...