Capital constraints are prevalent in supply chains. Since traditional bank financing is often inaccessible, especially for small and medium enterprises, two new alternatives, purchase order financing (POF) and buyer direct financing (BDF), are receiving increasing attention for financing...

Problem Definition: With heightened global uncertainty, supply chain managers are under increasing pressure to craft strategies that accommodate both supply and demand risks. While flexibility is a well-understood strategy to accommodate risk, there is no clear guidance on the optimal...