This paper presents general approach to description of business cycles aggregate fluctuations of economic and financial variables. We model economics as ensemble of agents on economic space and agent's risk ratings play role of their coordinates. Aggregation of variables of agents with...

In January of 2020, BlackRock, the world’s largest asset manage with over seven trillion dollars under management at that time, announced it was placing environmental sustainability at the center of its investment approach because it had concluded that climate risk was investment risk. It...

Using intensive large panel data from thirty-one IEA-member economies for the period of 1974-2020, we provide cross-country evidence on the roles of public energy technology RD&D budgets in renewable energy transition and climate risk mitigation under policy uncertainty in the era of climate...

There is no doubt that Cuba is working hard to attract foreign investors. In 2014 its foreign investing laws were completely reformed to accommodate this, however, it may be too early to determine whether these reforms actually reduce investor risk. For foreign investors ready to make the move...

This paper presents a possible solution to financial crises by addressing the core of the problem of systemic risk. To get there, it first illustrates a number of crises related situations before the definition of systemic risk is detailed. It then explains challenges of systemic risk and...

Tensions in Ukraine could escalate and spiral to become the most significant geo-political conflict in our lifetimes. The risks remain contained at this time, but we shouldn’t underestimate what could happen in a way that would have potentially catastrophic implications, reaching far beyond...

Risk assessment goes through different stages, with risk assessment of individual elements being performed. The assessment is a method of identifying areas, conditions or events with a potentially high level of risk. In order to determine the amount of risk that can be taken or that is...