The implementation of a functioning scheme for the support of electricity production from renewable energy sources (RES-E) in Russia has suffered from considerable delays. This report aims to analyze the role of regions as alternative drivers of RE policy in Russia. In particular, it examines...

Most existing support schemes aim to stimulate the deployment of renewable energy sources in the electricity sector on the basis of the electricity output (MWh) of renewable energy installations. Support is anchored in the electricity commodity market. In contrast to this established approach,...

The North-West of Russia is characterized by a large renewable energy resource base in geographic proximity to the EU. At the same time, EU Member States are bound by mandatory renewable energy targets which could prove to be costly to achieve in the current budgetary context and which often...

Russia is not only rich in natural gas, oil, coal and uranium. It also holds a considerable renewable energy resource base. The Federal Electricity Law mandates the federal Government to stimulate the development of renewable energy sources. However, so far, the Government has failed to create a...

Electricity supply in remote areas of the Russian territory is heavily dependent on diesel sources. Diesel generation imposes an important economic and social burden on the local population, besides the environmental impact of greenhouse gas emissions, black carbon and oil spills. Switching to...

This paper is a response to the IEA consultation on "Toward a More Efficient and Innovative Electricity Sector in Russia". From a regulatory perspective, it examines the question of investments in electricity production in Russia by focusing on the independence of the regulatory authority (the...

This book analyzes the regulatory framework that Russia has developed to attract private capital and technology in the modernization of the electricity infrastructure. Comparing Russian and EU electricity law, the book identifies regulatory risks and examines investors' protection under Russian...

Large investments are needed to modernize the Russian electricity production sector. To finance these investments, Russia is liberalizing its electricity market. Moreover, it has recently established regulatory frameworks to promote alternative modes of electricity production. European energy...

This article is a sequel to 'Improving the Climate for European Investments in the Russian Electricity Production Sector: (I) The Role of Investment Protection Law' that appeared in the previous issue of the Journal. It examines whether convergence of the regulatory frameworks governing the...

Following the liberalization and privatization of the electricity market, Russia is now reforming the heating sector. Similarly to the electricity market restructuring, the trigger for the heat reform is the necessity to attract investments in the modernization of this sector. The existing...