. We first gauge the impact of the sanctions’ regime using a structural gravity framework and quantify the trade losses in … by the Russian embargo. Instead, the disruption of the provision of trade finance services is found to have played an …Economic sanctions are a frequent instrument of foreign policy. In a diplomatic conflict, they aim to elicit a change …

Economic sanctions are a frequently used tool of foreign policy. Constraining trade flows towards or from the target … impact of three recent sanctions regimes using a structural gravity framework and quantify the "lost trade" in a general … country is supposed to coerce its government into changing certain policies. However, sanctions constitute an obstacle to …

trade. We also obtain estimates of the effects on trade of the 2014 sanctions on Russia, …This paper introduces the third update/release of the Global Sanctions Data Base (GSDB-R3). The GSDB-R3 extends the …-R3 has been amended with a new variable that distinguishes between unilateral and multilateral sanctions. As before, the …

trade. We also obtain estimates of the effects on trade of the 2014 sanctions on Russia. …This paper introduces the third update/release of the Global Sanctions Data Base (GSDB-R3). The GSDB-R3 extends the …-R3 has been amended with a new variable that distinguishes between unilateral and multilateral sanctions. As before, the …

In August 2014, the Russian Federation implemented an embargo on select food and agricultural imports from Western … countries in response to the economic sanctions. The measure was designed to harm producers in United States, European Union …, Norway, Ukraine, along other Western countries. In this study we quantify the effect of the embargo for welfare and consumer …

Countries increasingly form alliances to collectively impose sanctions. However, the resulting impact of such … coordination remains unclear. Analyzing the 2014 wave of sanctions against Russia over 400,000 simulations with a quantitative … trade model, this report demonstrates that multilateral cooperation through coalitions simultaneously reduced domestic …

combine it with trade data until 2023, and we investigate the effects of the recent sanctions on Russia's trade within an … effects. The implication is that such trade cost decreases may be sufficient to offset the effects of Western sanctions on …This paper introduces the fourth release of the Global Sanctions Data Base (GSDBR4). Covering the period 1950-2023, it …

studying the effect of US sanctions on trade flows between sanctioned and third countries during the period 1995-2019 using … sanctions. We find no evidence for systematic sanction busting. Russia does not change its trade patterns with sanctioned … countries. Trade of targets of US sanctions with China declines even more than trade with the US. These general patterns are …

studying the effect of US sanctions on trade flows between sanctioned and third countries during the period 1995–2019 using … sanctions. We find no evidence for systematic sanction busting. Russia does not change its trade patterns with sanctioned … countries. Trade of targets of US sanctions with China declines even more than trade with the US. These general patterns are …

studying the effect of US sanctions on trade flows between sanctioned and third countries during the period 1995-2019 using … sanctions. We find no evidence for systematic sanction busting. Russia does not change its trade patterns with sanctioned … countries. Trade of targets of US sanctions with China declines even more than trade with the US. These general patterns are …