Based on the gravity model of international trade, this paper initially analyzes North Korea's international trade pattern, which tends to follow the prediction of the gravity model: a positive relationship between trade and trading partners' GDP, and negative relationship between trade and...

Using a gravity model, this study examines trade patterns of two isolated economies - Myanmar and North Korea. This study finds that two countries' trade is basically consistent with the prediction of the gravity model. However, economic sanctions toward these countries imposed by the U.S. and...

Purpose: This study investigated the effects of the EU carding system for IUU fishing on its trading partners carded for illegal fishing practices, with the purpose of analyzing the extent to which the carding system affected trade between the EU and third countries identified and penalized for...