African (MENA) countries over the period 1990-2010 using panel data methods. For the first specification, namely EKC, we show …. More interestingly, findings from the estimation show that EKC hypothesis, HD and sustainability are crucial to build …

) emissions per capita. World Bank 1992 study claims that pollution rises with income, but at a slower and slower speed and …This paper tests the effect of gross domestic product (GDP) per capita on pollution, measured by carbon dioxide (CO2 … eventually declines. Using Ordinary Least Squares estimation procedure, we find a quadratic relationship ("inverted U …

) emissions per capita. World Bank 1992 study claims that pollution rises with income, but at a slower and slower speed and …This paper tests the effect of gross domestic product (GDP) per capita on pollution, measured by carbon dioxide (CO2 … eventually declines. Using Ordinary Least Squares estimation procedure, we find a quadratic relationship ("inverted U …

between income level and pollution). The new specification enables us to draw conclusions from fixed effects estimation. In …

between income level and pollution). The new specification enables us to draw conclusions from fixed effects estimation. In …