This study considers employment and productivity growth generated by the public funding of R&D using linked employer-employee data in Finland. Public subsidies, instrumented by available public R&D funding in the industry/region, have a positive effect on productivity growth in small and...

This paper studies the determinants of the retirement transitions of Europeans and focuses on the impact of social security systems on retirement behavior. The analysis uses the first eight waves (1994-2001) of the European Community Household Panel. Based on these survey data, option values –...