This study used a researcher self-constructed corporate governance index as a proxy to measure the firm-level corporate governance compliance and disclosure with the 2002 Pakistani Code of Corporate Governance, to examine the relationship between corporate governance and cost of capital. We...

This paper examines the relationship between total factor productivity, trade openness, and foreign direct investment to economic growth in 90 middle-income countries from 1990 to 2020. We employ the Generalized Method of Moments with country and period fixed effects to overcome...

This article estimates how economic growth and foreign direct investment affect environmental pollution. Our motivation is that less developed nations must make trade-off decisions between economic growth and environmental pollution. Thus, we employ the Autoregressive Distributed Lag Model...