This contribution examines various aspects of "openness" in research, and seeks to gauge the degree to which contemporary "e-science" practices are congruent with "open science." Norms and practices of openness are held to have been vital for the work of modern scientific communities, but...

There are three analytically distinct layers of the phenomenon that has been labeled 'the anticommons' and indicted as a potential impediment to innovation resulting from patenting and enforcement of IPR obtained on academic research results. This paper distinguishes among 'search costs',...