We present evidence that some mutual funds systematically act as contrarian traders, and earn returns in the stock market by providing liquidity to investors that demand immediacy, while others systematically realize costs of immediacy. On average, the mutual funds' costs of immediacy exceed...

We provide evidence that institutions place lower trading priority and delay their trading in small, illiquid stocks. The slow trading of small stocks in turn delays the adjustment of small stock prices. In contrast, for large, liquid stocks, institutions demand immediacy, which generates some...