Purpose – Audit quality studies document that accruals decrease when the audit firm is large, or the audit firm is an industry specialist, or the audit-client tenure is long. The purpose of this paper is to posit that incentives related to highly-valued equity mitigate these results, as...

Offshoring is the process of using unaffiliated foreign companies or affiliated offshore entities (AOEs) to manufacture goods or perform services. The Big 4 public accounting firms offshore tax services (Houlder, 2007) and, more recently, have started to offshore audit tasks of their U.S.-based...