Price-setting models with monopolistic competition and costs of changing prices exhibit coordination failure: in response to a monetary policy shock, individual agents lack incentives to change prices even when it would be Pareto-improving if all agents did so. The potential welfare gains are in...

Researchers have long hypothesized that exogenous changes to the supply of bank loans should affect economic activity. However, identifying such loan supply shocks is difficult, since loan supply and demand likely share many determinants. In this paper, we use the Federal Reserve's quarterly...