I study reputation models in which information about the long-run player's past behavior is dispersed among short …-run players. I identify two challenges to reputation building when such information is aggregated via the short-run players …-run player's current period action, I propose a resistent to learning condition under which reputation fails. This is because the …

chooses whether to continue receiving a return that is an increasing function of both her reputation and an exogenous public …, and she builds a reputation by continuing when the stakes reach a new minimum. We discuss applications to corporate … reputation management, online vendor reputation, and limit pricing with stochastic demand. …

Incentive contracts for gatekeepers who control patient access to specialist medical services provide too weak … incentives to investigate cost further when expected cost of treatment is greater than benefit. Making gatekeepers residual … claimants with a fixed fee from which treat-ment costs must be met (as with full insurers who are themselves gatekeepers …

, by grading honestly, a school can build up reputation. Introducing a concern for reputation into an established signaling …