This paper empirically quantifies the effect on Spain’s public finances of the asset purchase programmes implemented in the euro area between 2015 and 2022. Specifically, it evaluates the impact of the ECB’s Asset Purchase Programme (APP) and Pandemic Emergency Purchase Programme (PEPP) on...

Este documento ofrece una cuantificación empírica del efecto sobre las cuentas públicas en España de los programas de compras de activos implementados en el área del euro entre 2015 y 2022. En particular, se evalúa el impacto sobre los ingresos, los gastos, el déficit y la deuda pública...

This note discusses recent theoretical work analyzing the causes of financial instability, its consequences for the macroeconomy, and thus the potential role for macroprudential policy. After discussing how information asymmetries and strategic complementarities can cause balance sheet losses to...

The paper estimates agglomeration-effects for France, Germany, Italy, Spain, and the UK. Estimation takes into account endogeneity of the spatial distribution of employment and spatial fixed-effects. Empirical results suggest that agglomeration-effects in these European countries are only...